Projections are only worth what they get right. This page is the machine's report card: our projections against every public system we can score on the same players with the same yardstick, and against the simple forecasts anyone could make without a model. Wins and losses both. It updates as seasons close.
Three headline results: lower error than all nine public systems on 2026 hitters so far, including ZiPS, Steamer, ATC, and THE BAT. Lower pooled error than PECOTA, ZiPS, and Steamer on pitchers across 2021 to 2025, winning 12 of 14 scored system-seasons. And in the long test, projecting each past season using only what was knowable beforehand, our hitter projections beat the standard Marcel forecast in 46 of 46 seasons since 1980, and our pitcher projections in 15 of 15 since 2011.
Every table uses RMSE, root-mean-square error: how far the projection missed what the player actually did, on the projection's own scale. Lower is better. Comparisons are always on the same players, weighted by playing time. Debiased columns remove each system's overall league-level miss first.
Preseason projections frozen before Opening Day, scored against the season so far (through 2026-08-21). Final scoring comes in October.
| System | Hitters | NEXT+ RMSE | System RMSE | NEXT+ RMSE (debiased) | System RMSE (debiased) | Hitters 200+ PA | NEXT+ RMSE 200+ PA | System RMSE 200+ PA | NEXT+ r | System r | P(NEXT+ better) | P(NEXT+ better, debiased) | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATC | 523 | 24.54 | 25.45 | 24.54 | 25.45 | 298 | 20.53 | 21.88 | 0.505 | 0.469 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ahead |
| Depth Charts | 528 | 24.7 | 25.36 | 24.7 | 24.95 | 298 | 20.37 | 20.94 | 0.499 | 0.486 | 0.99 | 0.858 | ahead on raw error; not yet decisive after bias adjustment |
| OOPSY | 589 | 25.52 | 26.26 | 25.52 | 26.13 | 301 | 20.52 | 21.41 | 0.495 | 0.469 | 0.999 | 0.994 | ahead |
| Steamer600 | 597 | 25.6 | 26.29 | 25.59 | 25.92 | 301 | 20.52 | 21.29 | 0.497 | 0.482 | 0.995 | 0.908 | ahead on raw error; not yet decisive after bias adjustment |
| Steamer | 597 | 25.6 | 26.29 | 25.59 | 25.92 | 301 | 20.52 | 21.29 | 0.497 | 0.482 | 0.995 | 0.908 | ahead on raw error; not yet decisive after bias adjustment |
| THE BAT | 548 | 25.05 | 26.59 | 25.04 | 26.51 | 299 | 20.51 | 22.87 | 0.502 | 0.451 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ahead |
| THE BAT X | 548 | 25.05 | 26.56 | 25.04 | 26.49 | 299 | 20.51 | 22.86 | 0.502 | 0.449 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ahead |
| ZiPS | 597 | 25.6 | 26.46 | 25.59 | 26.09 | 301 | 20.52 | 21.3 | 0.497 | 0.473 | 0.997 | 0.969 | ahead |
| ZiPS DC | 528 | 24.7 | 25.67 | 24.7 | 25.27 | 298 | 20.37 | 21.18 | 0.499 | 0.471 | 0.999 | 0.981 | ahead |
We lead all nine systems on raw error, and the lead is statistically decisive against six of them. Against the Depth Charts, Steamer, and Steamer600 the lead survives bias adjustment but is not yet decisive; the October scoring settles it.
PECOTA 2021-2025, Steamer 2021-2025, ZiPS 2022-2025. These are the public systems whose historical preseason pitcher files we hold; more will be added as their archives are obtained.
| System | Seasons scored | Pitcher-seasons | PITCH+ RMSE (pooled) | System RMSE (pooled) | Seasons PITCH+ won (raw) | Seasons PITCH+ won (debiased) | Seasons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PECOTA | 2021-2025 | 2627 | 10.75 | 11.49 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Steamer | 2021-2025 | 2616 | 10.71 | 11.42 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| ZiPS | 2022-2025 | 2046 | 10.61 | 11.44 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Year | System | Pitchers | PITCH+ RMSE | System RMSE | PITCH+ RMSE (debiased) | System RMSE (debiased) | PITCH+ r | System r | Raw winner | Debiased winner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | PECOTA | 544 | 11.05 | 11.79 | 11.03 | 11.75 | 0.393 | 0.242 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2021 | Steamer | 540 | 11.0 | 11.64 | 10.98 | 10.74 | 0.4 | 0.402 | PITCH+ | Steamer |
| 2022 | PECOTA | 519 | 10.97 | 11.74 | 10.97 | 11.29 | 0.4 | 0.323 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2022 | ZiPS | 507 | 10.89 | 12.58 | 10.89 | 11.66 | 0.409 | 0.315 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2022 | Steamer | 519 | 10.94 | 12.91 | 10.93 | 11.1 | 0.401 | 0.352 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2023 | PECOTA | 527 | 10.37 | 10.51 | 10.36 | 10.51 | 0.418 | 0.383 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2023 | ZiPS | 517 | 10.35 | 10.79 | 10.34 | 10.67 | 0.432 | 0.375 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2023 | Steamer | 523 | 10.37 | 10.27 | 10.37 | 10.27 | 0.421 | 0.43 | Steamer | Steamer |
| 2024 | PECOTA | 515 | 10.65 | 12.38 | 10.65 | 11.2 | 0.351 | 0.245 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2024 | ZiPS | 509 | 10.59 | 11.66 | 10.59 | 11.06 | 0.347 | 0.257 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2024 | Steamer | 514 | 10.57 | 11.53 | 10.57 | 10.74 | 0.355 | 0.325 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2025 | PECOTA | 522 | 10.67 | 10.92 | 10.67 | 10.85 | 0.335 | 0.319 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2025 | ZiPS | 513 | 10.63 | 10.66 | 10.63 | 10.65 | 0.335 | 0.343 | PITCH+ | PITCH+ |
| 2025 | Steamer | 520 | 10.65 | 10.59 | 10.65 | 10.42 | 0.338 | 0.395 | Steamer | Steamer |
We won 12 of the 14 scored system-seasons: all 5 against PECOTA, all 4 against ZiPS, and 3 of 5 against Steamer. Steamer beat us in 2023 and 2025; more in the losses section below.
Anyone can fit the past. The test that matters is projecting each season with a model that only knew the seasons before it, then scoring it against what happened, next to Marcel, last year's number carried forward, and the league average.
Hitters: 46 of 46 seasons better than Marcel. Pitchers: 15 of 15. Not one lucky decade, not one lucky era: every single season.
Player projections rolled up to team win totals, tested over 180 team-seasons.
| Forecast | RMSE (wins per team-season) |
|---|---|
| NEXT team model (final, calibrated) | 10.97 |
| NEXT team model (uncalibrated) | 11.18 |
| Last year's wins regressed to the mean | 11.43 |
| Last year's wins carried forward | 12.69 |
The final team model beats both naive baselines, but the margin over regressed last-year wins is about half a win of RMSE (10.97 vs 11.43), and before calibration the roll-up only edges that baseline (11.18 vs 11.43). Team win totals are mostly luck plus roster talent; nobody's team projections are dramatically better than a good regression, and we will not pretend ours are. No public system's team projections have been scored head to head yet; that starts with the 2026 scoreboard below.
Actual is the live 2026 winning percentage, updated with the daily refresh; final scoring comes when the season ends. The closest projection on each row is bold.
| Division | Team | NEXT | ZiPS | FanGraphs | PECOTA | Actual |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AL Central | Royals | 0.506 | 0.506 | 0.501 | 0.521 | .426 |
| AL Central | Tigers | 0.501 | 0.531 | 0.519 | 0.521 | .480 |
| AL Central | Guardians | 0.492 | 0.481 | 0.472 | 0.462 | .484 |
| AL Central | Twins | 0.477 | 0.475 | 0.485 | 0.483 | .492 |
| AL Central | White Sox | 0.443 | 0.444 | 0.415 | 0.43 | .523 |
| AL East | Yankees | 0.557 | 0.543 | 0.551 | 0.547 | .570 |
| AL East | Blue Jays | 0.518 | 0.549 | 0.533 | 0.543 | .485 |
| AL East | Orioles | 0.515 | 0.543 | 0.508 | 0.514 | .481 |
| AL East | Red Sox | 0.504 | 0.556 | 0.514 | 0.512 | .539 |
| AL East | Rays | 0.491 | 0.457 | 0.491 | 0.512 | .594 |
| AL West | Mariners | 0.56 | 0.543 | 0.547 | 0.583 | .469 |
| AL West | Astros | 0.514 | 0.519 | 0.507 | 0.522 | .500 |
| AL West | Rangers | 0.502 | 0.5 | 0.524 | 0.52 | .492 |
| AL West | Athletics | 0.499 | 0.457 | 0.47 | 0.474 | .383 |
| AL West | Angels | 0.436 | 0.414 | 0.448 | 0.404 | .398 |
| NL Central | Cubs | 0.543 | 0.537 | 0.515 | 0.556 | .578 |
| NL Central | Brewers | 0.522 | 0.525 | 0.519 | 0.506 | .620 |
| NL Central | Pirates | 0.48 | 0.488 | 0.51 | 0.492 | .488 |
| NL Central | Reds | 0.472 | 0.469 | 0.485 | 0.481 | .477 |
| NL Central | Cardinals | 0.452 | 0.469 | 0.469 | 0.414 | .508 |
| NL East | Mets | 0.542 | 0.549 | 0.557 | 0.552 | .450 |
| NL East | Braves | 0.541 | 0.519 | 0.547 | 0.548 | .581 |
| NL East | Phillies | 0.524 | 0.562 | 0.534 | 0.524 | .550 |
| NL East | Nationals | 0.447 | 0.389 | 0.428 | 0.414 | .469 |
| NL East | Marlins | 0.444 | 0.469 | 0.478 | 0.461 | .504 |
| NL West | Dodgers | 0.576 | 0.599 | 0.608 | 0.636 | .602 |
| NL West | D-backs | 0.52 | 0.506 | 0.501 | 0.491 | .523 |
| NL West | Padres | 0.519 | 0.512 | 0.482 | 0.502 | .531 |
| NL West | Giants | 0.481 | 0.519 | 0.5 | 0.509 | .406 |
| NL West | Rockies | 0.425 | 0.37 | 0.382 | 0.367 | .394 |
| Closest count | 8 | 11 | 6 | 5 |
No projection system wins everywhere, and a page that only shows wins is advertising, not evidence. The current losses:
When any of these change, in either direction, this page changes with them.
Every number on this page comes from scoring frozen projections against what actually happened, with past seasons projected using only what was knowable beforehand. Same players, same yardstick, playing-time weighted, losses included.